Like the development of the flagellum for movement, sexual reproduction in protists involving meiosis, syngamy and zygote formation appears to have been a major evolutionary innovation by the primitive protists. This innovation has made a profound effect on more complex organisms. […]
There are over 100,000 species of fungi. Some of them are one-celled like the yeasts; others are complex like mushrooms and some of them are called imperfect fungi. Fungi are the major decomposers (besides bacteria) and some […]
Blue Green Algae also called as Cyanobacteria are one of the most successful organisms on this planet. Initially, they were classified Plantae, but later they were moved to the Monera Kingdom. […]
We can easily distinguish a living animal from a living plant in our surroundings. So, to keep it as simple as it was, Carolus Linnaeus classified all the organisms of the world into two Kingdoms i.e. Plantae and Animalia. But the grouping of such diverse organisms into only two kingdoms was not satisfactory to many biologists of that time. […]
In recent times, the people of India have been heard talking about gene sequencing, gene editing, gene analysis and many other similar terms. Gene or genome sequencing is a process or method of figuring out the order of DNA nucleotides or bases in a human genome. It comes under the umbrella of personal genomics. […]
In Industrial microbiology, microbes are used to synthesise a number of products valuable to human beings. This industry has provided products that have profoundly changed our lives and life spans. These products include beverages, food additives, products for human and animal health, and biofuels. […]
A sudden increase in the organic and inorganic nutrient supply in an aquatic environment is termed as Eutrophication. Sewage and waste water from industries and agriculture serve as primary source of these nutrients. Eutrophication results in the death of fishes, and other marine animals. […]
Cell Specification is a process of distributing roles among different cells of an embryo. This process starts when cells are capable of differentiating autonomously in a neutral environment. Among, three basic modes of cell specification, most of the organisms prefer an amalgam of the two or three modes. […]
Protoplasm is the essence of life. We can refer to all the constituents of the cell collectively by the term Protoplasm. It shows all those activities that are characteristic of life. […]
With the beginning of civilisations and human settlements, the need to preserve excess foods became essential for survival. Since then, many traditional and household practices have evolved to limit food spoilage. Such as cooking, the addition of spices and fermentation. In modern commercial food production, spoilage and contamination are preserved by a variety of methods such as Filtration, Lyophilisation, Refrigeration, Pasteurisation, Canned Food, Vaccum packing, Irradiation, Food preservatives etc. […]
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